RonRolheiser,OMI

Incarnation As God With Us

For many of us, I suspect, it gets harder each year to capture the mood of Christmas. About the only thing that still warms us is memories, memories of younger more naive days when lights and carols, Christmas trees and gifts, still excited us. For me, the very memories of myself as a child anticipating Christmas are a virtual Christmas in themselves. But we are adult now and so it seems in our world. Any joy of anticipation of Christmas is blunted by a commercialism which, like everything else in American life, is characterized by excess. By late October we are affronted by Christmas decorations, Santa Claus is around for all of November and in December we are force-fed a series of Christmas parties which rival the New York Marathon as an endurance test.  Christmas, 1984, can we crank up any real joy and genuine celebration?

It is not easy. Commercialism is a minor obstacle. More serious is 1984 itself. Can we, amid all the cruel revelations of this year, warm up to a season of tinsel and festivity? Can we sing Joy to the World in the face of India and Ethiopia? Does it mean anything to speak of peace even as we stockpile nuclear bombs and as strikes and unemployment leave millions embittered? And what about all this fuss about a 2,000 year-old baby when thousands of babies have had their lives aborted this year in our own true north strong and free? Are there any silent nights left? Too many nights in 1984 were punctured by an unsilence.

Moreover there are our own personal tragedies: lost health, lost loves, lost jobs, lost time, the death of loved ones, tiredness and frustration. How do we celebrate the birth of a redeemer in a world which appears shockingly unredeemed and with hearts which feel so heavy and unredeemed? The Christmas story is the most unusually potent story ever told. God comes down from heaven, takes on human flesh and ultimately ends all suffering. That story has altered the entire course of human history. Its power is unmatched.

But its power to survive and affect depends upon its truth and healing power and that truth and healing power can easily be distorted and perverted. Christmas is an incredible event, something which must be celebrated with kisses and drinks all around, with tinsel and lights and songs of joy. Anyone who really understands Christmas will want to be involved in an exchange of gifts. But it is not a magical event, a Cinderella story without midnight. When we understand it, we might well want to string up lights and sing its meaning in joyful carols. But we will see at the same time that, at its centre, lies an humiliation, a pain and a death which is not unlike what is being experienced in India, Ethiopia, on the strike lines, and in our own wounded and bored hearts. Incarnation is not yet resurrection. Flesh in Jesus, as in us, is human flesh, vulnerable, weak, incomplete and needy. Painfully full of limit, suffering. Christmas celebrates Christ’s birth into these things, not his removal of them. He redeems limit, evil, sin and pain. They are not abolished. There is a difference.

For this reason we can celebrate Christ’s birth without in any way denying or trivializing the real evil in our world and the very real pain in our lives. Christmas is a challenge to celebrate while still in pain.

The incarnate God is called Emmanuel, a name which means God-is-with-us. That fact does not mean immediate festive joy. Our world remains unwhole and the wars, strikes, selfishness and bitterness linger. Our hearts too remain unwhole and pain lingers. For a Christian, just as for everyone else, there will be incompleteness, illness, senseless hurt, broken dreams, cold hungry lonely days of bitterness and a virtual lifetime of inconsummation. Reality has its harshness and Christmas does not ask us to make-believe. The incarnation does not promise us heaven on earth. It promises heaven in heaven. Here, on earth, it promises us something else – God’s presence in our lives. This presence redeems because it is the sense that God is with us that empowers us to give up bitterness, to forgive and to move beyond narcissism. When God is with us then pain and happiness are not exclusive of each other and the agonies and riddles of life do not exclude deep meaning and deep joy.

As Avery Dulles once said: “Incarnation does not provide us with a ladder by which to escape from the ambiguities of life and scale the heights of heaven. Rather, it enables us to burrow deep into the heart of planet earth and find it shimmering with divinity.”  George Orwell prophesied that 1984 would be a truly horrible year with torture, double-think and a broken human spirit characterizing our world. To some extent that is true. We are a long ways from being whole. We remain deeply in exile. However, I plan to celebrate Christmas 1984 heartily. Maybe I won’t feel the exact excitement I once felt as a child when I was so excited about tinsel, lights, Christmas carols, and special gifts and special food. Some of those feelings won’t crank up anymore. But something else does crank up, namely, the sense that God is with us in the flesh.

The word became flesh. That’s true, even for 1984 – so let’s have kisses and drinks all around.

Life Is A Messy Business

Atheistic philosopher, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, once commented on why he did not believe in God. The reason, he stated, is because ambiguity is the fundamental phenomenological fact within our existence and a belief in God is not consistent with that experience. That phrase, in an abstract way, expresses something we all experience, namely, life is utterly messy; so messy in fact that it can leave one wondering whether indeed there exists an all-powerful and caring God. Nobody goes through life antiseptically, without dirt, pain, mess and death. But, unlike Merleau-Ponty, I believe in God precisely for that reason. Life may be messy, but it is real, not plastic. We aren’t Swiss clocks, infallibly ordered, made to tick meticulously, precise and antiseptic. Rather our lives are anything but ordered and clocklike. We cannot live without messiness, complications, and much emotional and physical pain.

It begins when we are born. Birth is a messy process which causes pain, dictates involvement, and complicates peoples’ lives irrevocably. Living does too! Work, interrelations, love, sex, friendship, aging, all of these are complex, earthy, messy businesses which are always at least partially full of pain, pettiness, limit, compromise, and death. They are full of joy and meaning too, but these are seldom given purely. Moreover, no one goes through life without having his or her dignity, freedom, and dreams frustrated and stepped on. There is no antiseptic route through life. The whiteness of our baptismal robes, the purity of our hearts, minds and bodies, and the freshness of our youth, sully and dirty and bear the stain of living. As we grow older, Gerard Manley Hopkins’ words ring ever more true:

            “And all is smeared with trade, bleared,

                        smeared with toil;

            And wears man’s smudge and shares man’s smell;

                        the soil.”

Often this leaves us discouraged and questioning. More seriously, this often leads to a subtle despair. Stated simply, the algebra of this despair, and ultimately of all despair, reads like this: If all is muddled, then all is permitted. That attitude is viral and deadly. It is perhaps the worst temptation faced by an adult. Because of it we sell ourselves out, give up, throw dignity and dreams to the wind, and settle for second best. The single factor is perhaps at the root of most of the infidelity, sexual irresponsibility, and unbelief within our culture. When we sell out our dignity and dreams, then, like Merleau-Ponty, we will have trouble experiencing God. The Highest is more clearly experienced when we are giving ourselves over to what is highest. The messiness of life also leaves us tempted in another way, namely, we are tempted to try to live anitseptically.

Since we cannot live and love deeply without hurting, without pettiness, without enslaving and humiliating entanglements, without smear, we opt not to live and love deeply at all. So we hang loose, refusing depth. We stay away from all that might hurt – or heal – us deeply. In doing this we make life plastic – antiseptic, clean, without dirt and smell, but totally lifeless and without meaning, like a plastic rose. We need to accept the contours of our existence. We are not angels, free, soaring spirits, unencumbered by the limits of time and flesh. Our souls are born enfleshed in soil, pain, blood, and smell. We were never intended to be angels. But with that comes a special dignity, the dignity that a real rose possesses over a plastic one. Peter Meinke once wrote a sonnet honoring the death of the man who invented the plastic rose:

            “The Man who invented the plastic rose is dead,

                        behold his mark.

            His undying flawless blossoms never close

            But guard his grave unbending through the

                        dark.

            He understood nether beauty nor flowers,

            Which catch our hearts in nets as soft as sky

            And bind us with a thread of fragile hours;

            Flowers are beautiful because they die.

            Beauty without the perishable pulse

            Is dry and sterile, an abandoned stage

            With false forests. But the results

            Support this man’s invention; He knew his age;

            A vision of our tearless time discloses

            Artificial men sniffing plastic roses.”
                                                (Ladies Home Journal, 1964)

People Don’t Break Easily

Dan Berrigan once commented that if Jesus returned to earth he would take a whip and drive out both the patients and doctors from all counselling and psychologists’ offices with the words: “Take up your couch and walk! You’ve been given skin to survive in this world!” There is wisdom and challenge in those words. God covered our nerves with skin, we are not so hypersensitive. He has also given us a remarkable resiliency and an incredible capacity to heal. We are tougher and more elastic than we actually think. I remember my first surprising reminder of this. As a young child playing hockey I was bullied and hit by a bigger kid. I fell and began to cry, convinced that I was seriously hurt. I waited vainly for the world to stop and for everyone to come and examine my hurt. But the game went on and I lay on the ice, ignored, until someone came and challenged me with the fact that I was not really hurt at all. I was only feeling sorry for myself and was quite capable, if I wanted, of continuing to play. It came as a surprise to realize that I was not so fragile after all. I could take a lick. It was humiliating, to be sure, but I was quite capable of bouncing back.

As we get older, the games, the bullying and the hurts become less physical, more psychological, more sophisticated. But one dynamic remains constant, most often we are not as hurt as we think. Invariably there is more self-pity than actual wound. As human beings we are, in fact, gifted with an incredible resiliency. Skin, bones, psyches, hearts, when pushed to it, these have a remarkable bounce. They don’t break so easily and, when they do, they have an unbelievable capacity to heal. We can take a fall, a hurt, a cut, a rejection. It doesn’t kill us, we heal; there is seldom an excuse for paralysis, never one for despair. We are tougher than we think. It is when we forget this that we get ourselves into trouble and find ourselves far away from the feast, happiness and celebration that God has put at the heart of life. The most incredible and challenging of all of Christ’s teachings is that we can in fact be happy, that we can celebrate and enjoy life, even though we and the world we live in are far from perfect. Mostly we do not believe this. Mostly we go through life protesting our right to despair, partly paralyzed by self-pity and limping when there is not enough reason to limp.

Silently or out loud, we tell God and others:  “If you knew how much I have been hurt, you wouldn’t tell me that I can be happy! If you only knew how fragile I am! If you only knew how sensitive I am and how easily I can be hurt! If you only knew how unfair it is for me. If you only knew how I have been rejected! If you only knew…! It is too late for me. I am too wounded!” But that posture and attitude is, in the end, a form of self-pity, a mini-masturbation which sells us short. It sells God short too for he endowed us with more than that. He gave us more resiliency, more bounce, more toughness, more capacity for healing and, God knows, more reason to hope than we allow ourselves in our hypersensitivity. It is good to be sensitive, but too often we are unhealthy hypersensitive. We think that our bones are broken when they aren’t, that our psyches and hearts don’t have any more bounce when they do, that a wound will never heal when it will, and that we are paralyzed when we aren’t. So we limp or lie down and offer a myriad of excuses which explain why we cannot be happy. The challenge is needed: take up your couch and walk, you’ve been given skin! We are tougher than we give ourselves credit for.

Knowing this should help us move out towards celebration, beyond our hurts. With the elasticity of body, psyche, and heart that God has given us we are not allowed to despair. Ultimately we can absorb anything and bounce back. Because of this we are allowed to make some mistakes and to take some bad falls. We will get hurt, but we may never say: “I hurt too much to enter the game of celebration again. I am beyond healing!” We are never beyond healing. Christ’s challenge to celebrate is uncompromising. It challenges us to our own capacities, to our own toughness, to love beyond hurt. It challenges us to risk great hurt. Nikos Kazantzakis starts his autobiography with these words:

“Three kinds of souls, three prayers: 1) I am a bow in your hands, Lord, draw me, lest I rot. 2) Do not overdraw me, Lord, I shall break. 3) Overdraw me, Lord, and who cares if I break!” When we know how resilient God has made us, we risk the third prayer.

Keeping Fire In The Eyes

Every so often we spend time in front of a mirror checking for signs of aging. We turn all the lights on and study ourselves. Are there wrinkles in our skin? Bags under our eyes? More grey hair? We scrutinize, examine. It’s a proper enough exercise. But we should be looking ourselves dead straight in the eyes when we do this exercise. In them we will see whether we are aging and whether or not there are any signs of senility. Scrutinize and examine, look for signs of aging, but spend that time looking into your eyes. What do they reveal? Are they tired, unenthusiastic, cynical, lifeless, lacking in sparkle, hardened? Is the jealousy of Cain there? Is there any fire there? Does passion still burn? Are they weary of experiencing, incapable of being surprised? Have they lost their virginity? Are they fatigued or excited? Is there still a young child buried somewhere behind them?

The real signs of senility are betrayed by the eyes, not the flesh. Drooping flesh means that we are aging physically, nothing more. Bodies age and die in a process as inevitable and natural as the law of gravity, but drooping eyes signify an aging spirit, a more deadly senility. That is less natural. Spirits are meant to be forever young, forever childlike, forever virgin. They are not meant to droop or die. But they can die, through boredom and its child – cynicism. They can die through a lack of passion, through the illusion of familiarity, through a loss of childlikeness and virginity, and through a fatigue of the spirit we commonly call despair. Despair is a curious thing. We despair not because we grow weary of the shortcomings and sufferings of life and, at last, find life too much to take. No. We despair for the opposite reason, namely, we grow weary of joy. Joy lies in experiencing life as fresh, novel and primal, as a child does, with a certain purity of spirit. This type of joy is not pleasure, though there is pleasure in it. Pleasure can be had without joy but that kind of pleasure is then the product of a lack of chastity in experiencing. That kind of pleasure, initially always experienced as a victory, as a throwing off of naiveté, a liberation, soon turns into defeat, that is, into dullness, boredom, loss and lack of passion.

That kind of pleasure very soon becomes insipid, soybeans without salt, egg custard. Our palate loses its itch for tasting. With that, our enthusiasm dies and a fatigue of the spirit sets in. Our chief joy lies in an innocence and virginity in experiencing and when that joy is no longer sought, and we tire of pleasure, we grow listless, hardened, bitter, passionless. There is nothing left in us that is fresh and young. Our eyes begin to show this. They lose their sparkle, their childlikeness. In her poignant novel, Stone Angel, Margaret Laurence describes her heroine, a lifeless and despairing lady named Hagar, studying herself in a mirror: “I stood for a long time, looking, wondering how a person could change so much…So gradually it happens. The face – a brown and leathery face that wasn’t mine. Only the eyes were mine, staring as though to pierce the lying glass and get beneath to some true image, infinitely distant.” A good look in the mirror for most of us reveals the same, a lifeless face which is not really ours, and dull eyes, our own, but hidden deeply beneath a lying glass. Our eyes and face, leathery, ossified, blank, distant, devoid of innocence and virginity; somewhere (“so gradually it happens”) our fire went out! What’s to be done? My suggestion is that we take a good long look at ourselves in a mirror. Study the eyes; ,stare long and hard. Let what we see frighten us enough to move us towards the road of unlearning and revirginization.

Look in a mirror, look at your face until some of the self-preoccupation, the cynicism, the pseudo-sophistication, and the unchastity and adultness drop away. Stare into your eyes until the lying glass breaks and you see there again the little boy or girl who once inhabited that space. In that, wonder will be born, sparkle will return and, with it, a freshness and virginity that will make you feel young again.

Our eyes seldom grow tired, though they frequently get buried. It is the latter which causes the blank passionless stare. Bodies tire, but eyes are linked to spirits. They stretch and strain and sparkle in thirst before reality’s turbid deluge. Eyes are always eager to see. One of the great contrasts between Christianity and some other world religions has to do with the eyes. For example, the Buddhist saint is always depicted with his or her eyes shut, while the Christian saint always has them open. The Buddhist saint has a sleek and harmonious body, but his or her eyes are heavy and sealed with sleep. The medieval saint’s body is wasted to its crazy bone, but his or her eyes are frightfully alive, hungry, staring. The Buddhist is looking with a peculiar inwardness. The Christian’s eyes are staring with frantic intentness outwards.        

Getting Angry With God

Recently a lady came to see me who was suffering from a curious resentment. She was angry at God. Her feelings were vague and not clearly focused, but she felt that somehow God was to blame for her unhappiness. Life, she felt, was rapidly passing her by and she had already missed out on many chances for really living it. She was, and had been, a good lady, religious, moral, generous, living for others, faithful to her commitments. Now in her mid-50s she felt anger and resentment growing within her, an anger and resentment she was unable to really explain, accept or control. She was confused and unhappy. On the one hand, she did not regret her past life. She had been faithful, unselfish and religious. Yet, with her youth, health, sexual prowess, and opportunities fading, she felt frustrated, unneeded, unfulfilled, used, locked-in, and haunted by the thought that perhaps she had never made a decision for herself in her whole life.

Viewed one way, her virtue seemed like an accident, a conspiracy of circumstances. She wondered whether she had really chosen this or whether it had been forced upon her. Whenever she felt like that then she filled with regret and resentment. She regretted that she had always been so moral, religious and proper. In these moments too she would have to admit to herself that she secretly envied the amoral, the unvirtuous, all those who never felt, as she did, the yoke of domestication that eventually comes with morality and religion. At the root of all this was the feeling that she had been had, seduced by God. God was to blame. He, she assured me, had always been just real enough to hold her, but never real enough to fulfil her, at least not emotionally. So she was angry, and angry with herself for being angry. She was full of resentment and full of guilt for being resentful. Prayer was very difficult for her because she could not admit to herself that she was angry at God and so whenever she did try to pray it seemed artificial and contrived.

What does one say to a person like that? One begins by pointing out that her resentment and anger are already a high form of prayer, at least potentially so. Too often we are under the impression that God does not want us to struggle with him, that he prefers sheep who docilely acquiesce (even as they swallow hard on the bitterness that so spontaneously arises in the emotional, psychological and sexual mechanisms which he built into them). But God wants to be wrestled with. As Rabbi Heschel points out, ever since the day that Abraham argued with God over the fate of Sodom and Gomorrah, and Jacob wrestled with the angel, those close to God have also occasionally engaged in similar arguments. The refusal to accept the harshness of God’s ways in the name of his love is an authentic form of prayer. Indeed, the prophets and saints were not always in the habit of simply saying, “Thy will be done.” They often fought, challenged, squirmed and begged as a way of saying “Thy will be changed!” I suspect that sometimes they did annul divine plans. God wants to be struggled with, especially if we have been living in his house for awhile.

Why? Why would he want this? How can wrestling be a form of prayer? Wrestling can be a form of prayer precisely because it can be a form of love. People who live together in love for a long time must resolve many tensions. There is constant wrestling, much anger and occasional bitterness. But the struggling together, if persevered in, always leads to new depth in love. The lady I was describing earlier was, in fact, standing at the very edges of a new phase of love. She needed to pray through her bitterness first. As she stood at the edges of that new phase bent under the weight of God’s yoke, bitter and with the jealousy of Cain in her eyes, the same Father who had pleaded with the older brother of the prodigal son was also pleading with her, pleading with her to enter a new circle, the circle of those who feel compassion for God. Rabbi Heschel tells the story of a Polish Jew who became bitter and stopped praying “because of what happened in Auschwitz.” Later, however, he began praying again. When asked, “Why?” he replied: “I felt sorry for God.” This man had reached a new phase of love, that of affinity, of compassion. God’s concerns, God’s cause, God’s house, were now his too. But such a point is only reached after struggle, when anger and bitterness are transformed.

God invites and, I dare say, enjoys the struggle. As Nikos Kazantzakis puts it: “Every person partakes of the divine nature in both spirit and flesh. The struggle between God and the human person breaks out in everyone, together with the longing for reconciliation. “Most often this struggle is unconscious and short-lived. A weak soul does not have the endurance to resist the flesh for long. It grows heavy, becomes flesh itself, and the contest ends. The stronger the soul and the flesh, the more fruitful the struggle and the richer the final harmony. God does not love weak souls and flabby flesh. The Spirit wants to have to wrestle with flesh which is strong and full of resistance.”

May we all win…by losing!

Hope at the time of death

Today I received the news that a close friend of our family was killed in an industrial accident. Nothing prepares you for that kind of news. Since the phone rang I have prayed. I have prayed for the victim, for his family and loved ones, and I have prayed for faith and hope and for the wisdom to know what to say when I speak at this man’s funeral. What does one say in the face of a death of this kind? What feeble lifeline of consolation can be clung to for perspective and courage? In what words lie the seeds of courage? We have the words of our faith: “He is in God’s hands! We believe in the resurrection and in life everlasting! Life is change not ended! Here we have no lasting city, we are pilgrims destined for an eternal city!” Rich words, true words, but words which when spoken in the face of actual death offer perhaps only an anaemic consolation. They can be said too easily. What can be said? Perhaps nothing should be said at all. To the extent that we have faith, we already know God cares, that our final hope lies beyond this life and that we are destined for resurrection. To the extent that we do not have faith, all words are inadequate to offer hope at the time of death.

Perhaps the consolation and courage we seek at a time like this are found not in words at all, but in a simple presence to each other, in the simple gesture of hugging each other and silently sharing pain and helplessness. Shared pain and helplessness perhaps say all that needs to be said: “I am here. I care. There is nothing I can say to make things better. I know you do not expect me to say anything!” Maybe that’s enough. Perhaps in our stuttering and awkward inability to say anything meaningful, in the helpless silence and pointless small talk, lies the compassion that makes the lifeline through which the nurturing milk of consolation and hope can flow back and forth among us. I think that this is true. The deepest consolation we can offer each other lies in sharing helplessness. Too much is said at funerals. There is a need for less words. But beyond this there is a need for some speaking, for words which can clarify our relationship to the dead person and to each other, for words which can stimulate courage and faith, and for words which can help us celebrate that courage and faith. What words should be shared at the time of death of a loved one? Words that tell us that our hope lies in love, and not primarily in biological life. Psychologist John Powell submits that there are only two potential tragedies in life, and dying young in not one of them.

These are the two potential tragedies: (i) If we go through life and we do not love fully; and (ii) if we go through life and do not tell those whom we love that we love them. In the face of death, our own death or that of a loved one, there is always deep regret. But this regret is not a regret which focuses us back on the sins and shortcomings of our lives and, in the face of these, makes us fear eternal punishment. No. The regret is that so much love has been unlived, unexpressed, unappreciated, badly received and left unreconciled. In the face of death the deepest yearning is for more time, more time for reconciliation, more time to express love more fully. When we speak to each other at the time of a death, our words should express this. They should convey that death challenges us not to become morose, more withdrawn from life. Rather death challenges us to enter life more deeply in love, appreciation and especially in reconciliation. In the world, worse things can befall one than death. Christ warned of this when he said: “What does it profit one to gain the whole world and suffer the loss of one’s soul?” The loss he talked about is the loss of concern, the loss of conscience, the loss of one’s love for others, the loss of the hope for reconciliation. These can be snuffed out by a different kind of death, a bitterness or a selfishness or a dishonesty which kills compassion. When a person dies, if conscience, love and the desire for reconciliation remain, nothing is lost.

A year ago, I stood at the bedside of a young lady, Cathy, who was dying of cancer. She looked at us through tears and said: “This is hard, but I am not bitter, so it’s okay!” She died. New hope was born in us. Her few words were enough. We knew that nothing had been lost. Words need also be spoken to alleviate our guilt, the guilt of those of us who are not dying. Whenever someone close to us dies, we struggle through a deep guilt. Somehow we feel responsible and we think of the hundreds of things we can and should have done. Now it’s too late. We need to be reminded that God loves that person more than we do. God has his own way of writing straight with the crooked lines we have made. He has his own way of bringing this person’s partially frustrated life to fulfilment. God understands that given human nature, accidents, illness, complexity and sin we will always be inadequate. We do our best. For God, in faith, it’s enough. Our God is understanding, compassionate and powerful. Our life is eternal. We need to celebrate this, especially in the face of death. Like Cathy, we need to look at each other through our tears and say: “This is hard, but we’re not bitter, so it’s okay!” Love, conscience, shared life, the desire for reconciliation. In these lie life and hope. A man has died; none of these has been lost.

A Diet Of Antiseptics

In the church today we are witnessing the rise of a new legalism, a new pharisaism. Subtle, largely unrecognized and steadily growing in power, it is beginning to choke off life. The legalism of our age is the legalism of a scientific theologizing, a rigid historically based liturgics and a new canonicity and hunt for orthodoxy that are operating too much in isolation from creativity, imagination and piety. Don’t get me wrong. I am a theologian, solidly committed to defending scholarship. I will go to my grave defending the necessity of scientific scholarship in theology as well as the need for academic freedom for theological research. Heaven knows, our faith and piety are intellectually underdeveloped; a fact which should be daily decried. We are too much a people whose intellectual faith development has not kept pace with our other developments. Intellectually too often, our faith is infantile, we understand little more than we did on the day of our Confirmation. Small wonder that for so many of us our faith is unable to meet the test of an intellectually sophisticated modern life!

As well, if history has made one fact clear it is that every time there is a decline in scholarship and/or an anti-intellectualism in the church, the church declines, an imbalance sets in, and superstition replaces faith. So what is my point? We must be careful that the very scholarship which helped unseat a former legalism does not itself claim that idolatrous throne. Theological scholarship, the scientific and historical study of our faith, can easily become a new form of pharisaism. How? The salient aspect of a harmful pharisaism is that a pharisee is first of all totally confident that he/she is dealing the final truth and, thus, there is always a disdain for others who are less informed. That aspect is too present in some circles of today’s church. Moreover, the deadliest aspect of a harmful pharisaism is a self-blindness, the pharisee never suspects that he or she is a pharisee. Rather the feeling is that what he/she is teaching is precisely the way, truth and life. Today among the community of professional theologians and liturgists, and among the new breed of persons who are so suddenly keen on canon law, pharisaism is a real danger. Much good is happening as misunderstandings, superstitions, religious and liturgical accretions, and a lot of simple bad scholarship is being moved beyond.

However, what is less praiseworthy is that daily our church is growing less creative, less imaginative, less pious and more restrictive. Every day there is a little less room to move. When I look at theologians in the past, people such as Augustine and Origen for example, I see that their works are full of piety, metaphor, allegory, inaccuracies, wishful thinking and simple bad scholarship. Facetiously, one doubts that either Augustine or Origen would be able to get a Louvain or Harvard doctorate, unless they seriously curbed their imaginations and tightened up their scholarship. What thesis board would approve Augustine’s views on the Incarnation? Yet, what an inspiration they are! His words are full of flesh and blood, sin and sex, guilt and expiation, imagination and piety. How unlike so much of what appears in church circles today, stuff that reads like a computer printout, information without passion. Yet, heartless information of itself is not dangerous. The danger lies in a certain theological, liturgical, canonical and dogmatic Nazism, that is, in the guest for a purity, an eliteness, a super-race which becomes oppressive and death dealing. Our present over-infatuation with scientific scholarship, purity of doctrine, and strict canonical and liturgical norms, does to the church what an over-infatuation with the empirical sciences did to the world, namely, it starves the heart. It is like putting someone on a diet of antiseptics; one will never die of poisoning, but there is nothing to nourish the body!

It is interesting to note that even in the sphere of science, the greatest scientists of our age, Einstein, Heisenberg, Planck and Bohr, distinguished themselves not so much by their research skills as by their imaginations. Unlike their colleagues, who also had great research skills, they were able to construct imaginative models and use metaphors and analogy. What else is Einstein’s theory of relativity other than a good imaginative guess? The great Protestant theologian, F. Schleiermacher once said that “the guess” is still the best means of understanding. That is what this plea is for; namely, that theologians, Scripture scholars, liturgists, canonists and church leaders back off just a little and leave some room for “the guess,” for the heart, for the imagination, for a piety in which there is a lot of wishful thinking and a lot of guessing. Whenever that happens, we end up eating a whole lot more than just antiseptics; we end up eating some poison, that is true, but there is unleashed a flood of poetry, romance, emotion, mysticism and insight that comes from love’s eye.

Symbols Give Us Meaning

A young man once wrote to the poet, Rainer Maria Rilke, complaining that he found life boring and unexciting. He lived in a small town where it seemed nothing much ever happened.  Rilke replied: “If your daily life seems poor, do not blame it; blame yourself, tell yourself that you are not poet enough to call forth its riches.” When we feel bored and dissatisfied, when there is a lack of novelty, excitement, love and depth in our lives, the temptation is to blame life and then rev the engines, move on, increase the dosage and seek new excitement. But this is a mistake. Excitement, depth, love and novelty are not found by constantly moving on or increasing the dosage. They are triggered by entering life correctly. We learn this by looking at children, poets, artists and saints. Their lives are never devoid of excitement and depth. They are always falling in love and life for them is constantly exciting even when on the surface it appears dull and ordinary. Why?

Because they surround it with its proper symbols. The entire difference between depth and superficiality, excitement and dullness, lies in this, namely, symbols. As humans we are distinguished from animals precisely on the basis of symbol-making ability. We make symbols, animals don’t. Because of this we experience things deeply and they do not.  Humans and animals share many common activities. Like us, animals work, live in communities, eat, make love, give birth and take care of their young. But for us these things have, potentially at least, a far deeper meaning because we enter them differently and surround them with symbols. It is this that we must look to when we feel that our lives are dull and uninteresting. When our lives lack depth, the question becomes: Are our symbols adequate? Are we surrounding our activities with a proper symbolic hedge?  Allow me an example: There are two ways a human being can eat, with symbols and without them.  Often we eat without symbols. Eating then is little different than gassing up a car. We pull up to the table with an empty tank, quickly and non-reflectively (and without really tasting our food) gulp down a meal, and then, like a car pulling back onto the freeway, we leave the table to head back to our busy concerns.

We have nourished our bodies but it has been a very bland and superficial experience, little different than an animal eating. By way of contrast, eating with symbols, imagine this scenario: Two persons are deeply in love and set out to dine together. They spend time talking before the meal, perhaps having a drink. Then they approach a table which has been carefully laid out, complete with candles. They hold hands and say a special grace. Then slowly and reflectively, over the course of some hours, they eat a meal together. They conclude with a toast and another grace. Theirs is not a bland and superficial experience, one that can be had by animals. The difference between these two ways of eating lies in the symbols. In the latter case, the persons surrounded their eating with a symbolic hedge, namely, ritual, mystique, aesthetics, romance, divine providence.

The symbols made the difference, elevating what would have been a very ordinary activity into something very special. The more special the symbols, the more special the meaning! This is true of all human activity, namely, it has depth or superficiality depending entirely upon the symbolic hedge with which we surround it. People fall in love. If they surround this experience with symbols that link it to sacrality and ultimacy (“This is destiny!” “God arranged for us to meet!” “Our meeting has significance in God’s plan for us!”) then the experience comes laden with depth (not to mention romance, aesthetics and fidelity) which lifts it far above mere chemistry and accident. Conversely, if it is not surrounded by such symbols, this experience, while perhaps just as laden with intensity and sensation, will offer nothing beyond intensity and sensation (transient as these are).

Ultimately then, it is merely an accident, a confluence of circumstances, the right chemistry. There is no meaning beyond these. Meaning comes through symbols. The same is true for the experience of sexuality. Stripped of a symbolic hedge which links it to ultimacy and sacredness, it is reduced to a simple here and now experience, pleasurable in itself, as is eating a good meal, but devoid of power to trigger depth, ecstasy and encounter beyond the level of physical sensation. Small wonder that sexuality, when it is no longer symbolically enhedged by symbols of sacramentality, soon loses its aesthetics and is commonly called by a crasser name. Einstein once said: “Experience is not what happens to you, but what you do with what happens to you.” Thus, if your daily life seems poor and lacks in depth, let this question arise in your mind: Are your symbols thriving? Are you poet enough, artist enough, saint enough, child enough, to surround your ordinary activities with their proper symbolic hedge?

Praying Through A Crisis

We all have our moments of chaos and crisis. Loss, death, sickness, disappointment, hurt, loneliness, hatred, jealousy, obsession, fear, these come into our lives and often we find ourselves overwhelmed by the darkness they cause. What can we do about them? How can we pull ourselves out of the dark chaos they put us into? The simple answer of course is prayer. But that answer is given far too simplistically. We all have heard the phrases, so true in themselves: “Pray it through! Take your troubles to the chapel! Give it to God! God will help you!” I can speak only for myself, though I suspect that my experience has its parallels in other lives, and I have found that often when I try to pray through some deep hurt I find no relief and, at times, end up more depressed, more immersed in the chaos, and more obsessively self-preoccupied than before praying. Often I end up sucking the prayer into my own narcissism.

Too often we try to pray when hurting, the prayer serves not to uproot the hurt and the narcissism, but to root it even more deeply in self-pity, self-preoccupation  and darkness. We end up further letting go of God’s Spirit and, instead, giving in to panic, fear, chaos, nonforgiveness, obsession and resentment, in a word, to the posture of masturbation, of nonprayer. Why? Is God not willing to help? Is it simply a question of patience, God will eventually help, but not yet? God is always willing to help and, yes, we must be patient, healing always takes time. But there is more involved. When we pray and our prayers do not help, then we are praying incorrectly. I have learned this painfully, through years of mistakes.

Prayer is a focus upon God, not upon ourselves. When we are hurting or obsessed, the problem is that we are able to think about only one thing, the object of our hurt or loss.

That concentration becomes depressive, oppressively focusing us so much upon one thing that we are unfree emotionally to think about or enjoy other things. Depression is an over-concentration. For this reason, whenever we are caught up in depression, it is important that our prayer be completely focused upon God and not upon ourselves. If we do what comes naturally when trying to “pray through a crisis” we will end up thinking about the crisis, wallowing in our own sufferings. Instead of freeing ourselves from the sense of loss or obsession, we will pull the wound inward, make the pain worse and the depression even more paralyzing. When we pray in a crisis we must force ourselves to focus upon God or Jesus or upon some aspect of their sacred mystery, and we must resist entirely the urge to relate that encounter immediately to our wounded experience.

Let me illustrate this with an example: Imagine yourself suffering the loss of someone you deeply loved. Hurt, unable to think about anything else, you go to pray. Immediately the temptation will be to focus upon your heart, your obsession. You will try to “talk it through,” however sincerely. But the result will be disastrous. You will find yourself becoming more fixed upon what you are trying to free yourself from. Your depression will intensify. Conversely, if you force yourself, and this will be extremely difficult, to focus upon God; for example, as he reveals himself in some mystery of Christ’s life, your depression will be broken. You will experience God, slowly but gently, widening again the scope of your heart and mind. With that will come an emotional loosening and freeing. When a wounded child climbs into its mother’s lap, it draws so much strength from the mother’s presence that its own wound becomes insignificant. So too with us when we climb into the lap of our great Mother, God. Our crisis soon domesticates and comes into a peaceful perspective, not because it goes away, but because the presence of God so overshadows us.

But this means we must genuinely climb into the lap of God. Like the wounded child we must be focused upon the mother, not upon ourselves. Concretely this means that, when praying in a crisis, we must refuse to think about ourselves at all, we must refuse even to relate the mystery we are mediating to ourselves and our wound. Like a child, we must simply be content to sit and be held by the mother. That will be hard, very hard, to do. Initially every emotion in us will demand that we focus ourselves back upon our hurt. But that is the key, don’t! Don’t, under the guise of prayer, wallow further in hurt. Rather focus upon God. Then, like a sobbing child at its mother’s breast, in silence, we will drink that which nurtures and brings peace. At the breast of God, we drink the Holy Spirit, the milk of charity, joy, peace, patience, goodness, mildness, long-suffering, faith, chastity, hope and fidelity. In that nourishment lies peace.

Passion Is God’s Fire In Us

Fifty years ago, T.S. Eliot predicted the death of passion, poetry, fidelity and historical consciousness. Today, tragically, that prediction is coming true. As Christians, we need to recognize that fact and respond, in order to defend passion and challenge people to it. That sounds strange and it is. Passion has, at least so it seems, always been distrusted in religious circles and extolled in secular ones. Indeed, the secular world tended to claim passion as its own, as something irreligious, as the very force which is rebellious against religion and which, if responded to, frees one from the shackles of religion.  Preachers, priests, spiritual writers, and church leaders tended to help this idea along. The church, it seemed, was forever lashing out against passion, pointing out its dangers and forbidding people to allow themselves to feel and enjoy the full emotional, psychological, and instinctual force of their eros. Passion was made to seem at odds with religion.

How wrong we were! And, how wrong the secular world has discovered itself to be! There has been a strange and ironic reversal. Today, the secular world is trying to rid itself of all passion and the church is suddenly, much to its own surprise, finding itself in the novel position of having to defend passion. Why this turn of events? Because the secular world has discovered passion to be a very inconvenient thing. Passion, romance, poetry, aesthetics, all these things, challenge infidelity. Thus, our culture has begun to classify passion as it classifies other religious things, namely, as something medieval, the product of naïveté, as something which people need to be freed from. How deliciously ironic! The very force that it had so long claimed as uniquely its own, trumpeted as its victory, has, when given rein, proved to be an inconvenient embarrassment. Passion, in the end, is only for religious persons. Why?

Because our world exalts a false kind of freedom. In our society today we are exhorted daily to hang loose, to run from involvement, to run away from anything that might tie us down. We are invited to live as “free spirits,” soaring, fulfilled, unencumbered. Passion and romance always spell death for that kind of freedom. Passion means involvement, attachment, surrender, a loss of control and freedom, commitment. If sustained, it means fidelity. For this reason, it is no accident that, for the most part, secular wisdom today considers passion in the same way it considers religion – as kid’s stuff, for the naive. Today, passion and romance are seen as things we need therapy from. In his astute and very disturbing book, The Triumph of the Therapeutic, Philip Rieff, a man who is no friend of religion, points out that in our present culture passion and romance are “archaic and dispensable.” They are what Freud calls “erotic illusions” and, as Rieff goes on to say, it is time we stopped organizing our personalities and our communities around them. Love and hatred, the products of passion, are, in his words, obsolete as organizing modes of personality. In a culture of contacts and infidelity, passion and romance are experienced as tyranny. Bottom line, today romantic love is considered a neurosis, a sickness or, at best, something for the very young or very naive, a hangover from former ages, as is religion.

For this reason it is important that Christians and the Christian churches, rush to the defence of passion and romance. They are part of God’s fire in us, a great gift, to be channelled prudently it is true, but, nonetheless, to be ever perceived precisely as a gift from God. Today they are badly needed. They challenge infidelity.  When T.S. Eliot predicted the death of poetry, passion, fidelity and historical consciousness, it is no accident that he placed all of these together. They flow from each other. Passion and poetry, when released and given, bond us to each other and to history in a way that makes infidelity and false freedom much more difficult. In a culture characterized by flightiness, lack of commitment, hanging loose, infidelity, cynicism and programmed boredom, we need fire, passion and romance. They, perhaps more than anything else, can help turn the tide and become the vaccine which immunizes us against the infectious bacteria set loose by the cynicism and infidelity of our age. The fire of passion comes from God. Eros is at the root of human soul and body. In the Hasidic tradition there is a famous parable about a man who wanted to be a blacksmith. So he bought a hammer, an anvil and bellows. But he could not bend any iron. There was no flame, no heat in his forge. He had everything except the thing he most needed – the spark, the fire, the heat that makes things malleable. In a world in which fidelity and historical consciousness are dying and being replace by infidelity and programmed boredom, in a world in which true romance and true sexuality are being replaced by schizophrenic sex and pornography, we need fire in the forge, passion and romance. Christians need to arise in the defence of eros.

A Summer Of Centering

This summer I set out to learn about Ignatius of Loyola and computers. It’s a strange mix, but it makes for a nice agenda. As the Gospels would have it, a good scribe reaches into his bag for the old as well as the new. So far I have not gotten to the new. Ignatius has been absorbing. My journey into the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius might have been profitably recorded, not because it is extraordinarily significant, but because it is, at least that is my hunch, extraordinarily typical. Most folks, I would guess, would undergo very similar things. I took up the Exercises of Ignatius for a typical reason. I was tired, felt dissipated, uncentred, emotionally and physically I needed a vacation. I looked for it in a prolonged prayer experience.  I entered a retreat house for 40 days of withdrawal and Ignatian prayer. The experience was very rich, though very painful. As spiritual writers have always pointed out, it is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of a living God and the peace which is found there is quite other than that which is described in travel brochures. The overriding experience is one of being slowly, painfully, though surely, centred. I want to share a bit of that experience of centering in the hope that it might help some of you in your own struggles to find a centre.

Through the Ignatian Exercises one thing becomes inconfusably clear: All rest, all freedom, all peace depends upon focusing upon God as centre. It does not take many days in the desert before a mirror starts revealing more. I began to see myself and my life more closely. What a curious mixture of things I am! I looked at the 10 years I have spent teaching and ministering and I saw some habitual patterns – perpetually tired, overextended, dissipated, behind and distracted in my work, driven compulsively to succeed, worried that I will disappoint, too busy to pray properly, too preoccupied to appreciate properly, tired but unable to relax, tired but emotionally unfree to pull away from relationships and work in order to enjoy a needed vacation, tired but unable to step off the treadmill, tired by still increasing the activity. When you see those patterns you become frightened, frightened by your attachments, frightened that you are not free, frightened that you are growing more tired and yet cannot do anything about it, frightened that you cannot relax emotionally, and frightened at how badly you are uncentered and at how badly you need certain things and persons.

After a few days in withdrawal with St. Ignatius, you realize that, like a rationalizing alcoholic, you have been sneaking far too many drinks in secret. But with that realization comes the beginning of healing because that brings the desire to change. Desire is always the beginning of surrender, even in our relationship with God. I began to look at what my life was centered on. What motivates me? What calls me out of myself? Relationships, work, the expectations of others, the fear of disappointing others, pride in what I do, greed for experience, love of honor and success, the desire to help others, the hunger to learn, to experience, to expand my horizons. You end up restless, compulsive, driven, unable to relax emotionally. You also end up habitually tired, but unable to rest. Like the tortured soul of Psalm 127, you end up getting up ever earlier and going to bed later so as to eat a very anxious, fragile and fleeting bread.

What is needed? The solution that God himself proposes to Israel, the SHEMA, the prayer which every pious Jew has nailed to his or her doorpost and which he or she prays three times daily: “Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God is one Lord; and you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul, and with all your might… “And these words which I command you this day shall be upon your heart; and you shall teach them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise.  And you shall bind them as a sign upon your hand, and they shall be as frontlets between your eyes. And you shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your gate.” (Deut. 6:4-9) Under Ignatius’ influence, I wrote my own SHEMA. “Hear, O Rolheiser: The Lord our God is one Lord; you must put him before all else, then all else will fall into place. Brand that into your heart and into your mind. Teach it to your students; write it in your column and talk about it at table and to your friends. Put it on a sign by your mirror, and pray it daily, and mean it! Then, and only then, will your dissipation and tiredness turn to peaceful solitude, your compulsiveness to freedom and your restlessness to restfulness.”

When I pray that three times daily, there is a lot less compulsiveness.

A Theologian’s Problems

I should have been a theologian 25 years ago. Things were simpler then. Theologians published books and catechisms which clearly explained everything. Everyone knew what the church taught and what was right and wrong. It’s all changed now. Biblical and historical criticism and a half dozen kinds of hermeneutics have come along, like the atomic bomb, and theologians live under that cloud. Nothing will ever be simple again. I attended a theology conference recently. We were discussing something which should have been simple, the first question in the Baltimore Catechism: “Who made you? … God made you!” It wasn’t simple at all!  “God made you,” it says. But what do these three words – “God,” “made,” “you” – mean? A renowned linguist, a Dr. Barrett English, teed off first:

“Since Wittgenstein and Ayer, anyone even remotely acquainted with philosophical analysis knows that it is nonsensical to naively use the word God as it had a simple empirically verifiable referent. Moreover, the very word ‘God’ is already a linguistic confusion, mixing as it were a generic and an individual referent.” I was very impressed. I had never thought of that. The good doctor went on: “A recent article in the Journal of Applied Grammatology hints at some of the consequences latent in this type of undifferentiated approach: To begin a catechism without first seriously looking into the grammar of the word, ‘God’ launches a theological endeavour which remains ambiguous and arbitrary. “Besides one wonders whether it is indeed wise to attempt a catechism at all in the English language. The structure of all Indo-European languages renders theological thinking difficult. Amerindian and Chinese are much more ideal.” I was stunned. I know neither Chinese nor Amerindian. But there was more. A Claude-Levi French was having some trouble with the concept of God “making” us.

“When one says ‘God made you’ what precisely is implied here? We see in the creation accounts in Genesis that the Hebrew word BARA is used to depict God’s creative activity. “Now, prescinding  entirely from the ex nihilo controversy, that verb remains fundamentally problematic. Does it imply an action which happened for once and for all, with a definitive terminus ad quem, or does it connote an on-going action? “Examining the Septuagint translation we see that the Greek text has the verb in either the global or the inceptive aorist. Now, if the verb is an inceptive aorist, and the suspicion lies in that direction, then the implications for our creative activity are enormous and constitute a virtual catechesis in themselves. “Is God making us in the global or inceptive aorist sense? And, more importantly, if the author had intended the global aorist why did he not use a perfect or even a pluperfect tense?

“It is the uneducated Catholic’s proclivity to render BARA in the global or pluperfect sense that has so impoverished our theology of creation. Small wonder we are little more than eschatological runts!”

How awful! And to think my mother died thinking BARA was global or pluperfect! How could we have been that wrong! The final demolition of my first naiveté of faith was left to a Klaus Niederstrasse. He had less trouble with the phrase “God made,” but he had difficulties with the word “you.” Quoting from a recent article he had published in the prestigious German Journal Der Anknupfungspunkt, he scored the following point: “One would have thought that after Husserl’s definitive demolition of the isolated cogito of Descartes, a contemporary catechism would be more sensitive to the whole issue of social context and structuralism. Until Husserl, we naively believed that we could speak of an isolated ego, a simple ‘I,’ or a definite ‘you.’ “That, as the phenomenological method has irrevocably demonstrated, is quite impossible. Heidegger’s Dasein is not ein mensch, but ein mit-mensch. We are not simple persons and may not so simply use the word ‘you.’”

“I fail to grasp why Father Baltimore would revert implicitly to a Cartesian outlook. One cannot hope that a catechism which lacks a firmly hermeneutically disciplined consciousness can ever hope to appl7 to the ordinary believer. “But, then, what can one expect when the final control of catechesis lies in the hands of the bishops and not in the hands of the theologians!” At this point I needed a beer. Stumbling from the conference room, humiliated and worrying about my mother’s eternal salvation, I found myself in the local theological watering-hole, a place called Aqua Sanctissima. I whispered desperately to the bartender: “A beer please.” “Generic or premium?” asked the obviously hermeneutically disciplined bartender. “Forget it!”

Remembering As Surgery

There is a fine line between nostalgia and the longing for lost innocence. The latter is healthy; the former is not. Nostalgia is an unhealthy depression, an adolescent sentimentality which leaves us clinging to the past so as to be unable to enter the present with verve and vitality. In the end, it is a mummification, an unnatural embalming of something which is dead.  For a Christian there is the challenge to move beyond that, to let go, to not cling, to accept death, loss and corruption in order to be open to accept the new life and new spirit that the present brings.

Unfortunately, nostalgia comes upon us looking like the angel of light, with a power to touch our deepest parts in the same way as we are touched by real love and truth. But, in the final analysis, like masturbation, it merely deals with something which touches depth. Of itself, it is a turning away from reality in favor of fantasy. Not surprisingly, it carries with it the appropriate concomitant depression.

These words are harsh, but they need to stand as a preamble for what follows: We all need, occasionally, to make a recessive journey, to our origins, to our youth, to our innocence, to that place in time and in our hearts, before our sophistication, when we were truly young, simple and happy. Such a journey refocuses us and gives us a renewed sense of what is truest in us. But such a journey is not a sentimental voyage into the past in which we recall our youth, its simplicity and its innocence, and then bring appropriate lessons and guilts to bear upon the present. That would only lead to depression. The recessive journey, rather, is not so much a re-examination of our past as it is an examination of what is truest in us. In the deepest part of our hearts lie our real roots. At the end of that journey we find that our life has not been lost, blown, screwed up beyond hope or irrevocably wounded into melancholy by death, sin and loss. The journey to remember, to recall origins, is not sentimentality, it is a surgery, a cutting away of cancerous overlay to set the heart, in its primal and perennial vitality and innocence, free.

I made some such journeys lately. I did some remembering. Partly it was nostalgia; partly it was surgery. The recall of myself as a child is both humbling and humiliating; more the former. We were poor and many around an old wooden table in that immigrant district of rural Saskatchewan. On a farm too small we struggled, to learn a new language, to become educated, to do more than just make do, but, for years, we struggled just to survive. I am younger than the depression, but I can recall the winter of 1955. We were so poor then. We were always poor. My overriding memory of childhood is that of being hungry, not so much for food, but more for a world beyond that of economic and social poverty, for a world beyond a small isolated farm, for a life and an experience beyond a world in which there was no hot water on tap and in which there was not even the capability of speaking the language properly or dressing properly.

I felt cursed then by the sense that I was poor. And I was, in some ways, moving in my patched, hand-me-down clothes, too often smelling of farmyard and barnyard. The shame of poverty hits hardest in the teen years. To step back into that now can still bring flushes of humiliation. To truly recall it, however, brings a healthy humbling coupled with a strength and a sense of richness that nourishes like Elijah’s jug. We were rich in fact, all of us growing up in poverty on those immigrant farms. Our houses and hearts contained all that is important. Dirty, barefoot, speaking in our multiple accents, we were full of excitement. Our hearts were keen, clear as crystal, eager to learn and full of appreciation. There was enough love and innocence around.

My life has been blessed with various kinds of riches and successes since. Through travel, lecturing, teaching and friendships, I have been given the opportunity to experience in reality most of what I dreamed about when I was a runny nosed, but wide-eyed, child. But with the success and experience has come a crippling pseudo-sophistication, an unfreedom, a lack of innocence, a certain fatigue of the spirit, and a fear that can make a recessive journey to my origins an event of depressive nostalgia. The verve, the happiness, the innocence, why are they too often lacking?

Lately, I’ve had to take to dreaming again. It is time when that happens,to take a recessive journey, to go back to the farm, to recall one’s origins. In remembering there is a surgery. When we were little boys and girls our hearts were so eager to learn, our spirits were so hungry and welcoming. So much was gift.

Lord, let it all be gift again!

Saying ‘Yes’ To Santa Claus

If you ask a naive child: “Do you believe in Santa Claus?” he replies “Yes!” If you ask a bright child the same question, he replies “No!” However, if you ask yet an even brighter child that question, he replies “Yes!” In my previous column, I described our need for what I termed “revirginization,” our need to again way “yes” to the question of Santa Claus. But how do we revirginize? How do we move towards a second naivete? We do it by touching the nerve of novelty, by purging ourselves of the illusion of familiarity. We must, as Chesterton once put it, “Learn to look at things familiar until they look familiar again.” We do this by making a deliberate and conscious effort at assuming the posture of a child before reality. We must work at regaining the primal spirit, a sense of wonder, the sense that reality is rich and full of mystery, that we do not yet understand and that we must read chastely, carefully, and discriminately, respecting reality’s contours and taboos. Concomitant with this effort comes the deliberate and conscious attempt at purging ourselves of all traces of cynicism, contempt, and all attitudes which identify mystery with ignorance, taboo with superstition, and romance and ideals with naivete.

 It also entails the willingness to put off gratification, to live in tension, to accept being unfulfilled. It entails, in every sense of the term, refusing to sleep with the bride before the wedding night. We revirginize by learning to wait – sexually, economically, emotionally, spiritually. Finally, revirginization and coming to second naivete involves recovering again a certain chastity in experiencing. It involves recovering and respecting the sense that we ourselves and that reality around us is full of sacredness. Perhaps the process of revirginization might best be described by two metaphors: The image of weather revirginizing a geographical terrain: Imagine a geographical terrain that has been ravaged by natural disaster and despoiled by human beings. Its waters are dirty and polluted, its vegetation is dead and its natural beauty is destroyed. However, given time and weather – the sun, the rains, the winds, the storms, the frost and snow – it, in a manner of speaking, revirginizes. Its waters again grow clear and pure, its vegetation returns to life and eventually its natural beauty returns. In a manner of speaking, its chastity returns, making it again “virgin territory.” So too with our hearts and minds: as soon as we stop despoiling them through the illusion of familiarity and indiscriminate experience, they too regain, gradually, their virginity and begin again to blush in the wonder of knowing and loving. A chastity in knowing and loving returns. The image of fetal darkness: Imagine the gestation process of a human being in the womb. The process begins with a mere egg, a cellular speck which is being gestated, formed, cared for, shaped by things around it and nourished by a reality infinitely larger than itself. The process takes place in darkness, in a dark peace. Eventually the child has grown sufficiently and emerges for the first time. The sheer overwhelmingness of the mystery of reality is so overpowering that it takes a long time, years of time, for the child’s senses and mind to harden sufficiently for the child  to even begin to understand. Initially the child simply looks and wonders.

So too the process of coming to second naivete, of revirginizing. We must truly be born again. We must, metaphorically speaking, make a recessive journey, a voyage to the sources, to the fetal darkness of the womb to be reduced to a mere egg, to be gestated anew in darkness (in the darkness of an understanding that understands more by not understanding than by understanding) so that we can again open our eyes to a new awareness that is so wild, so startling, so agnostic, and so overpowering that we are unable to name and number, but are reduced, as it were, to having to ponder and to wonder.  G.K. Chesterton expresses this in a poem, beautifully:

When all my days are ending

            And I have no song to sing,

I think I shall not be too old

            To stare at everything;

As I stared once at a nursery door

            Or a tall tree and a swing…

                                    (Chesterton,  A Second Childhood)

We may never grow too old, too sophisticated, too unchildlike, too unvirginal, to stare at everything as we “stared once at a nursery door.”

The Real Loss Of Virginity

Some years ago, while giving a retreat, a lady came to me for confession. Her confession was long and sincere. However, that sincerity and genuine contrition was constantly punctured by a cynicism, sarcasm and background experience which caused her to be constantly questioning whether she wanted to be sincere and contrite. She was very bright and very experienced. In virtually every sense of the word, she had been around. She was also very happy. When we had finished, she asked what I felt she needed to do. I suggested that she undergo a long and intensive process of revirginization. It was a suggestion which mildly shocked her, but it was what she really needed. Though young, she had been most everywhere, done most everything, and had, in a way of speaking, sophisticated herself into a huge unhappiness. There was not a childlike bone in her body, nor a childlike thought in her heart. She had lost most of her virginity.

That prescriptive counsel I gave to her, revirginization, is a counsel which I judge more and more needs to be given to all of us and to our age in general. We are horribly unvirginal persons. What is meant here? Virginity is, in its deepest sense, not so much a past sexual history as it is a present attitude. Whether one is a virgin or not has less to do with his or her past sexual experiences as it has to do with the posture with which he or she meets reality. What is the posture of virginity? It is comprised of three compenetrating elements:

First, virginity is the posture of a child before reality. A child has a very primitive, virginal spirit. In a child’s heart and mind, and in a virgin’s there is a sense of newness, of experiencing for the first time. There is too a capacity to be surprised.

There is no illusion of familiarity and there is a natural “fear of God,” love’s fear, the fear that is the beginning of wisdom. Because of this, there is in the child, or the virgin, a sense of mystery, a sense that some things are sacred, untouchable, beyond manipulation.  Second, virginity is living in a certain inconsummation, living with a desire for experience which is not fully satiated. To be a virgin is to live in tension, unfulfilled, longing, waiting for a time in the future when one will be fulfilled. The virgin does not prematurely enter the marriage bed. This is true not just in the area of sexuality, but in all of life.

Finally, virginity is living in such a way that there are certain areas of our personality and life which are revered and sacred and which are then shared only within a context which fully respects that sacredness. For a virgin there is a certain chastity in experiencing, in all areas of life including the sexual. Virginity opposes itself to promiscuity of all kinds. The virgin knows that the human heart, temple of the Holy Spirit that it is, is not cheap. As a precious gift, it may only be trustfully given.

This posture, virginity, is natural in a child. However, here it is dependent upon certain factors which are themselves natural in children, namely, ignorance, lack of experience, superstition, lack of opportunity, natural naivete, and a lack of criticalness and practicalness.  As we grow older, as our critical faculties sharpen and as we experience more, we naturally lose much of our virginity. Partly this is necessary, natural and healthy – to be adult and naive is not an ideal.  However, partially this loss of virginity is unnecessary and unhealthy. As was the case with the lady I described above, partly the loss of virginity is the result of giving in to the urge to experience indiscriminately, of stripping reality unduly of too many of its sacral dimensions, of illicitly breaking taboos (including sexual ones), and of letting impatience and despair drive us beyond chastity.  When this happens, and to a greater or lesser extent it happens in each of our lives, we develop a false familiarity with life and begin to live under the illusion of familiarity. This is the real loss of virginity, living in an unhealthy familiarity with life, others, sex.

In this state, all real love, real romance, and all aesthetics in love, die. Unvirginal persons never send flowers, nor love notes. That’s kids’ stuff! Ultimately, the loss of virginity is characterized by a sophisticated unhappiness, an unchildlikeness which, while miserable, refuses to admit its own misery and its cause. That is one of the qualities of being in hell, to be miserable and to refuse to admit it. With that comes a proclivity for the perverse. Why? Because as Chesterton so aptly puts it: “There comes an hour in the afternoon when the child is tired of pretending; when he is weary of being a robber or a Red Indian. It is then that he torments the cat.  “There comes a time in the routine of an ordered civilization when the man is tired of playing…the effect of this staleness is the same everywhere; it is seen in all the drug-taking and dram-drinking and every form of the tendency to increase the dose.”

Lately, as a culture, we have taken to tormenting the cat! How do we wake ourselves from the nightmare? My next column will offer some suggestions for revirginization.

On Sensible And Stupid Risks

Love is all about risking. However not all risks are well founded.  Falling in love is like falling over a cliff. It is a letting go, an abandonment, a release of some brakes. When we fall in love we expose our deeper and more sensitive parts and lay ourselves naked to both deep hurt and deep healing. In a word, we become vulnerable, extremely so. We let another person penetrate deeply into our life, our heart, our psyche, our spirit and perhaps even our body. It is a powerful and threatening experience, an experience which can make or break us. Indeed, nothing has power to transform a life so totally, for heaven or for hell, as does love. It always leaves one either deeply hurt or deeply healed, more redeemed or more damned.  Love carries with it the healing fire of God and his Holy Spirit. Because of this it can heal wounds, fill emptiness and give meaning in a way that nothing else can. Conversely, it can also wound and damage in very deep ways.

It is a risk which needs to be taken, though never lightly. Love needs to be calculated. I say this last line with tongue in cheek. I am aware that few things are as challenged as is that last statement, namely, that love needs to be calculated. Without immediate qualification, it is a dangerous and irresponsible statement. Heaven knows, and we know too, that we go through life too uptight, too unrisking, too timid about love and about exposing ourselves. We all would love to love, but we are so afraid of rejection, of hurt, of losing control, of abandoning ourselves, of being vulnerable, that we seldom take the risk. As well, many of us have already been hurt and, burnt once, we do not want to approach the fire again. Thus, we need constant challenge to move out and risk. However, with that being submitted, I want to submit another item here, a cautionary one: More persons are being hurt, degraded and burnt by over-risking (in stupid ways) than are being genuinely healed by love’s redemptive fire. Love implies risk, but risk implies trust. Trust must be well founded. One can only trust another person if that other is mature, genuinely respectful, and capable of commitment.

When we let ourselves fall over a cliff it is imperative that the person designated to catch us is capable in fact, and not just in fantasy, of catching us so that we do not bruise or hurt ourselves too deeply. In brief, there is too much foolish abandonment and destructive letting go in the name of love. We abandon ourselves emotionally, sexually, spiritually and psychologically to each other when there is not nearly a sufficient basis of trust and maturity present. Hurt, not healing, results. Recently a friend of mine told me why he was breaking up with his girl friend. “She’s too controlled,” he submitted. “She will never let go of the final brake. She’s too uptight! She needs to control her own life. I can’t handle a girl like that!” Knowing his immaturity, sexual impatience and self-preoccupation, I suspect his girl friend is rather fortunate that this particular relationship is ending. Her uptightness, in this situation, is not a fault. Rather it should be called by its proper name – virtue. The final sin against the Holy Spirit is a closing off of oneself from love, a final refusal to be vulnerable, to let others penetrate and share our being.

Our age understands this, but it too often uses this truth both as a weapon and as a camouflage. It uses it as a weapon to force premature and irresponsible submission in love. It uses it as a camouflage to cover its emotional, psychological and sexual immaturities. How many persons, of both sexes, have been had (sometimes for extended periods of time) because they believed that by not submitting they would somehow be judged, by themselves and by others, as uptight, Victorian, lifeless, dried up? Nobody wants to be these things. Yet nobody is going to convince me that some irresponsible, immature, self-seeking, sexually promiscuous and impatient person, capable of great risk and abandonment in love, is more loving, and more of an instrument of healing in God’s kingdom than are that infinite number of God’s genuine poor, the uptight, who go though life struggling, unable to fully abandon and let go. To love is to abandon oneself to the dance, but that is not easily nor often achieved. It requires great maturity, great chastity, great forgiveness and a long period of time. We are still young and we live in the unconsummated phase of the kingdom.  Give yourself as gift only when you can do it respectfully, lovingly, and chastely. Otherwise, the love will not lead to hope, but to despair. You will not be healed, but further wounded. Risk loving, but calculate whether this particular relationship, this particular penetration of love, will leave within you the imprint of God’s spirit or of some other spirit.